Unit 53

1. nugatory (adj.) – trifling; invalid 

Example: The court dismissed the case as nugatory and without merit. 

Synonyms: insignificant, trivial, worthless 

Antonyms: significant, important, valid 

Nepali Meaning: तुच्छ; अमान्य 

Nepali Example: अदालतले मुद्दालाई तुच्छ र अयोग्य ठानेर खारेज गर्यो। 

2. obdurate (adj.) – stubborn 

Example: The obdurate child refused to eat his vegetables. 

Synonyms: adamant, unyielding, inflexible 

Antonyms: compliant, yielding, flexible 

Nepali Meaning: हटधर्मी; अडिग 

Nepali Example: हटधर्मी बच्चाले तरकारी खान अस्वीकार गर्यो। 

3. obsequious (adj.) – overly submissive 

Example: The waiter’s obsequious behavior made the customers uncomfortable. 

Synonyms: servile, fawning, sycophantic 

Antonyms: assertive, independent, domineering 

Nepali Meaning: अत्यधिक आज्ञाकारी; चापलूस 

Nepali Example: वेटरको चापलूस व्यवहारले ग्राहकहरूलाई असहज बनायो। 

4. obsequy (n.) – funeral ceremony 

Example: The nation mourned during the obsequies for the fallen leader. 

Synonyms: funeral rites, burial ceremony 

Antonyms: celebration, birth ceremony 

Nepali Meaning: अन्त्येष्टि संस्कार 

Nepali Example: शहीद नेताको अन्त्येष्टि संस्कारमा राष्ट्र शोकमग्न भयो। 

5. obviate (v.) – to make unnecessary 

Example: Vaccinations obviate the need for many medical treatments. 

Synonyms: prevent, preclude, avert 

Antonyms: necessitate, require 

Nepali Meaning: अनावश्यक बनाउनु 

Nepali Example: टीकाले धेरै चिकित्सा उपचारहरू अनावश्यक बनाउँछ। 

6. occlude (v.) – to shut; block 

Example: The surgeon worked to occlude the bleeding vessel. 

Synonyms: obstruct, block, clog 

Antonyms: open, clear, unblock 

Nepali Meaning: अवरुद्ध गर्नु; बन्द गर्नु 

Nepali Example: शल्यचिकित्सकले रगत बग्ने नसालाई अवरुद्ध गर्ने प्रयास गरे। 

7. occult (adj.) – relating to supernatural phenomena 

Example: She studied occult practices like tarot reading. 

Synonyms: supernatural, mystical, esoteric 

Antonyms: natural, scientific 

Nepali Meaning: अलौकिक 

Nepali Example: उनले तारो पढ्न जस्ता अलौकिक प्रथाहरूको अध्ययन गरिन्। 

8. odyssey (n.) – long, adventurous voyage 

Example: His career has been an odyssey through many different fields. 

Synonyms: journey, quest, pilgrimage 

Antonyms: stagnation, immobility 

Nepali Meaning: लामो साहसिक यात्रा 

Nepali Example: उनको करियर विभिन्न क्षेत्रहरूमा भएको लामो साहसिक यात्रा जस्तो रहेको छ। 

9. officious (adj.) – too helpful; meddlesome 

Example: The officious neighbor kept interfering in their affairs. 

Synonyms: intrusive, meddling, interfering 

Antonyms: unobtrusive, reserved 

Nepali Meaning: धेरै मद्दत गर्ने; हस्तक्षेप गर्ने 

Nepali Example: हस्तक्षेप गर्ने छिमेकीले उनीहरूको काममा बाधा पुर्याइरहेको थियो। 

10. olfactory (adj.) – concerning the sense of smell 

Example: Dogs have highly developed olfactory abilities. 

Synonyms: nasal, smelling 

Antonyms: (no direct antonym) 

Nepali Meaning: घ्राण सम्बन्धी 

Nepali Example: कुकुरहरूमा अत्यधिक विकसित घ्राण शक्ति हुन्छ।