Unit 29
1. ethnocentric (adj.) – believing one’s group is superior
Example: Terms like “primitive” reflect Western ethnocentric bias.
Synonyms: biased, parochial, chauvinistic
Antonyms: multicultural, tolerant
Nepali Meaning: जातीय केन्द्रित
Nepali Example: “आदिम” जस्ता शब्दहरूले पश्चिमी जातीय केन्द्रित पक्षपात झल्काउँछन्।
2. etiology (n.) – causes or origins
Example: The etiology of mental illness involves multiple factors.
Synonyms: causation, origination, derivation
Antonyms: (no direct antonym)
Nepali Meaning: कारण वा उत्पत्ति
Nepali Example: मानसिक रोगको कारणहरूमा विविध सामाजिक, जैविक र मनोवैज्ञानिक कारकहरू समावेश छन्।
3. etymology (n.) – origin and history of a word
Example: “Barbarian” comes from Greek “barbaros” meaning foreigner.
Synonyms: word history, derivation, origin
Antonyms: (no direct antonym)
Nepali Meaning: शब्दको उत्पत्ति र इतिहास
Nepali Example: “बर्बर” शब्द ग्रीक “बर्बरोस”बाट आएको हो जसको अर्थ विदेशी हो।
4. eugenics (n.) – study of improving human hereditary qualities
Example: The novel describes a military eugenics program for super-soldiers.
Synonyms: genetic engineering, selective breeding
Antonyms: (no direct antonym)
Nepali Meaning: मानव वंशानुगत गुण सुधारको अध्ययन
Nepali Example: उपन्यासले सुपर-सैनिकहरू बनाउने सैन्य युजेनिक्स कार्यक्रम वर्णन गर्छ।
5. eulogy (n.) – high praise, especially for the deceased
Example: Many eulogies honored Lincoln after his death.
Synonyms: tribute, panegyric, commendation
Antonyms: criticism, condemnation
Nepali Meaning: प्रशंसापत्र (मृतकको लागि विशेष गरी)
Nepali Example: लिङ्कनको मृत्युपछि धेरै प्रशंसापत्रहरू प्रकाशित भए।
6. euphemism (n.) – use of inoffensive language
Example: Terms for poor countries evolved from “undeveloped” to “developing.”
Synonyms: polite term, softening, substitute
Antonyms: dysphemism, blunt term
Nepali Meaning: मृदुभाषी प्रयोग
Nepali Example: गरिब देशहरूलाई “अविकसित”बाट “विकासशील” भन्ने प्रवृत्ति मृदुभाषी प्रयोगको उदाहरण हो।
7. euphoria (n.) – extreme happiness
Example: There was euphoria when she won the Nobel Prize.
Synonyms: elation, ecstasy, jubilation
Antonyms: despair, misery
Nepali Meaning: अत्यधिक आनन्द
Nepali Example: उनले नोबेल पुरस्कार जित्दा घरमा अत्यधिक आनन्दको माहौल थियो।
8. euthanasia (n.) – mercy killing
Example: Medical advances raise ethical questions about euthanasia.
Synonyms: assisted suicide, mercy killing
Antonyms: (no direct antonym)
Nepali Meaning: दयामृत्यु
Nepali Example: चिकित्सा प्रगतिले दयामृत्युको नैतिक प्रश्नहरू उठाएको छ।
9. evince (v.) – to show plainly
Example: His answer evinced ignorance of the subject.
Synonyms: demonstrate, manifest, display
Antonyms: conceal, hide
Nepali Meaning: स्पष्ट देखाउनु
Nepali Example: उनको जवाफले विषयको अनभिज्ञता स्पष्ट देखायो।
10. evocative (adj.) – tending to call to mind
Example: Maugham’s stories are evocative of exotic locations.
Synonyms: suggestive, reminiscent, expressive
Antonyms: unexpressive, bland
Nepali Meaning: स्मरण गराउने
Nepali Example: माघमको कथाहरू विदेशी स्थानहरूको स्मरण गराउँछन्।