Unit 17
1. connoisseur (n.) – person with expert knowledge or refined taste
Example: The wine connoisseur could identify the vineyard just by smelling the bouquet.
Synonyms: expert, aficionado, cognoscente
Antonyms: amateur, novice
Nepali Meaning: विशेषज्ञ; रसिक
Nepali Example: दाखमधु विशेषज्ञले गन्ध मात्रले नै दाखबारी चिन्न सक्थे।
2. conscript (n.) – person forced into military service
Example: During the war, young men feared being made conscripts.
Synonyms: draftee, recruit
Antonyms: volunteer
Nepali Meaning: जबरजस्ती सेनामा भर्ती
Nepali Example: युद्धको समयमा युवाहरू जबरजस्ती सेनामा भर्ती हुने डराएका थिए।
3. consecrate (v.) – to declare sacred
Example: The ground was consecrated as a memorial to fallen soldiers.
Synonyms: sanctify, bless, hallow
Antonyms: desecrate, profane
Nepali Meaning: पवित्र घोषणा गर्नु
Nepali Example: मृत सैनिकहरूको सम्झनामा जग्गा पवित्र घोषणा गरियो।
4. contend (v.) – to assert or argue
Example: Historians contend that multiple factors caused the revolution.
Synonyms: argue, maintain, assert
Antonyms: concede, surrender
Nepali Meaning: दाबी गर्नु; तर्क गर्नु
Nepali Example: इतिहासकारहरूले धेरै कारणहरूले क्रान्ति ल्याएको दाबी गर्छन्।
5. contentious (adj.) – quarrelsome; controversial
Example: The new policy sparked contentious debates in parliament.
Synonyms: disputatious, controversial, argumentative
Antonyms: agreeable, harmonious
Nepali Meaning: विवादास्पद; झगडालु
Nepali Example: नयाँ नीतिले संसदमा विवादास्पद बहस सुरु गर्यो।
6. contiguous (adj.) – touching; adjacent
Example: Canada and the U.S. share the world’s longest contiguous border.
Synonyms: adjoining, neighboring, bordering
Antonyms: separate, detached
Nepali Meaning: छुने; नजिकैको
Nepali Example: क्यानाडा र अमेरिकाले संसारको सबैभन्दा लामो सिमाना बाँडेका छन्।
7. continence (n.) – self-restraint
Example: Monastic life requires strict continence and discipline.
Synonyms: temperance, abstinence, self-control
Antonyms: indulgence, incontinence
Nepali Meaning: संयम; आत्मनियन्त्रण
Nepali Example: मठको जीवनलाई कडा संयम र अनुशासन चाहिन्छ।
8. contrite (adj.) – remorseful
Example: The defendant appeared genuinely contrite during sentencing.
Synonyms: repentant, remorseful, apologetic
Antonyms: unrepentant, defiant
Nepali Meaning: पश्चातापी; दुःखी
Nepali Example: अभियुक्तले सजाय सुनाइँदा साँच्चै पश्चाताप देखायो।
9. contumacious (adj.) – stubbornly disobedient
Example: The contumacious student refused to follow any instructions.
Synonyms: rebellious, defiant, insubordinate
Antonyms: obedient, compliant
Nepali Meaning: हठी; आज्ञा नमान्ने
Nepali Example: हठी विद्यार्थीले कुनै निर्देशन पालना गर्न अस्वीकार गर्यो।
10. conundrum (n.) – difficult problem
Example: The origin of the universe remains a conundrum for scientists.
Synonyms: puzzle, enigma, dilemma
Antonyms: solution, explanation
Nepali Meaning: जटिल समस्या; पहेली
Nepali Example: बिश्वको उत्पत्ति वैज्ञानिकहरूका लागि पहेली नै बनेको छ।