Unit 8
1. asylum (n.) – place of refuge or shelter
Example: The Stoic was accused of seeking asylum in philosophy’s consolations.
Synonyms: sanctuary, haven, shelter
Antonyms: danger, exposure
Nepali Meaning: शरणस्थल
Nepali Example: स्टोइकलाई दर्शनको सान्त्वनामा शरण खोज्ने आरोप लगाइयो।
2. atavism (n.) – reappearance of an ancestral trait after generations; throwback
Example: Some theorists reject nationalism as a tribal atavism.
Synonyms: throwback, reversion
Antonyms: progress, evolution
Nepali Meaning: पूर्वजीय गुणको पुनराविर्भाव
Nepali Example: केही राजनीतिक विचारकहरूले राष्ट्रवादलाई जनजातीय पूर्वजीय गुणको पुनराविर्भाव भनेर अस्वीकार गर्छन्।
3. attenuate (v.) – to weaken
Example: Digital radio can transmit greatly attenuated signals clearly.
Synonyms: diminish, reduce, lessen
Antonyms: strengthen, intensify
Nepali Meaning: कमजोर पार्नु
Nepali Example: डिजिटल रेडियोले धेरै कमजोर भएका सिग्नलहरू पनि स्पष्ट रूपमा प्रसारण गर्न सक्छ।
4. audacious (adj.) – bold; daring
Example: Rommel’s audacious attacks earned him the nickname “Desert Fox.”
Synonyms: fearless, intrepid, brave
Antonyms: timid, cautious
Nepali Meaning: साहसी; निडर
Nepali Example: रोमेलको साहसी आक्रमणहरूले उनलाई “मरुभूमिको फ्याक्स” उपनाम दिलायो।
5. austere (adj.) – stern; unadorned
Example: Deism reflects the austere rationality of the Enlightenment.
Synonyms: severe, stark, ascetic
Antonyms: ornate, luxurious
Nepali Meaning: कठोर; सादा
Nepali Example: डेइज्मले प्रबोधन युगको कठोर तर्कसंगततालाई प्रतिबिम्बित गर्छ।
6. autonomous (adj.) – self-governing; independent
Example: Our belief in autonomous agency may align with evolutionary theory.
Synonyms: sovereign, self-ruling
Antonyms: dependent, subjugated
Nepali Meaning: स्वायत्त
Nepali Example: हाम्रो स्वायत्त क्षमतामा विश्वास विकासवादी सिद्धान्तसँग मेल खान सक्छ।
7. avarice (n.) – greed
Example: Investment bankers are often accused of avarice.
Synonyms: cupidity, rapacity
Antonyms: generosity, altruism
Nepali Meaning: लोभ
Nepali Example: लगानी बैंकरहरूलाई प्रायः लोभको आरोप लगाइन्छ।
8. aver (v.) – to affirm; declare to be true
Example: Yogis aver that everyone has a guru guiding them.
Synonyms: assert, avow, maintain
Antonyms: deny, refute
Nepali Meaning: दृढतापूर्वक भन्नु
Nepali Example: योगीहरूले भन्छन् कि सबैको आफ्नै गुरु हुन्छन्।
9. avocation (n.) – secondary occupation
Example: Dan’s avocation in programming became his new career.
Synonyms: hobby, sideline
Antonyms: vocation, profession
Nepali Meaning: उपव्यवसाय
Nepali Example: डानको कम्प्युटर प्रोग्रामिङको उपव्यवसाय उनको नयाँ पेशा बन्यो।
10. avuncular (adj.) – like an uncle; benevolent and tolerant
Example: Walter Cronkite’s avuncular manner made him widely trusted.
Synonyms: kind, genial, indulgent
Antonyms: cold, unfriendly
Nepali Meaning: मामाञ्जस्तो; दयालु
Nepali Example: वाल्टर क्रोङ्काइटको मामाञ्जस्तो व्यवहारले उनलाई धेरै भरपर्दो बनायो।