Unit 7
1. argot (n.) – a specialized vocabulary used by a group
Example: Writers of crime fiction often use the argot of criminals and detectives to create a realistic atmosphere.
Synonyms: jargon, lingo, slang
Antonyms: standard language, common speech
Nepali Meaning: समूहगत विशेष शब्दावली
Nepali Example: अपराध कथाकारहरूले यथार्थपूर्ण वातावरण सिर्जना गर्न अपराधीहरू र जासुसहरूको विशेष शब्दावली प्रयोग गर्छन्।
2. arrest (v.) – to stop; to seize
Example: Temporary arrest of the patient’s respiration made it easier for the doctor to perform surgery.
Synonyms: halt, detain, restrain
Antonyms: release, continue
Nepali Meaning: रोक्नु; जफत गर्नु
Nepali Example: रोगीको सास फेर्ने प्रक्रिया अस्थायी रूपमा रोक्नाले डाक्टरलाई शल्यक्रिया गर्न सजिलो भयो।
3. artifact (n.) – item made by human craft
Example: Marxists contend that capitalism has trained people to perceive human artifacts as commodities.
Synonyms: relic, handicraft, creation
Antonyms: natural object
Nepali Meaning: मानवनिर्मित वस्तु
Nepali Example: मार्क्सवादीहरूले भन्छन् कि पूँजीवादले मानिसहरूलाई मानवनिर्मित वस्तुहरूलाई वस्तुको रूपमा हेर्न सिकाएको छ।
4. artless (adj.) – guileless; natural
Example: John Dryden wrote of Shakespeare’s “artless beauty” in his wit.
Synonyms: ingenuous, naive, sincere
Antonyms: cunning, artful
Nepali Meaning: निष्कपट; प्राकृतिक
Nepali Example: जोन ड्राइडनले शेक्सपियरको “निष्कपट सुन्दरता”को बारेमा आफ्नो बुद्धिमत्तामा लेखेका थिए।
5. ascetic (n.) – one who practices self-denial
Example: Muslim ascetics consider the internal battle against human passions a greater jihad.
Synonyms: monk, hermit, abstainer
Antonyms: hedonist, sensualist
Nepali Meaning: तपस्वी
Nepali Example: मुस्लिम तपस्वीहरूले मानवीय भावनाहरू विरुद्धको आन्तरिक लडाईलाई काफिरहरू विरुद्धको संघर्षभन्दा ठूलो जिहाद मान्छन्।
6. asperity (n.) – severity; harshness; irritability
Example: The Englishwoman spoke with some asperity about “her view” being painted.
Synonyms: acrimony, sharpness, bitterness
Antonyms: gentleness, mildness
Nepali Meaning: कडाई; रूखापन
Nepali Example: अंग्रेज महिलाले “आफ्नो दृश्य” चित्रित भएको बारेमा केही रूखापनका साथ बोलिन्।
7. aspersion (n.) – slander; false rumor
Example: Singapore’s leaders respond strongly to those who cast aspersions on their integrity.
Synonyms: defamation, calumny, libel
Antonyms: praise, commendation
Nepali Meaning: मिथ्या अपप्रचार; निन्दा
Nepali Example: सिंगापुरका नेताहरूले आफ्नो ईमानदारीमा मिथ्या अपप्रचार गर्नेहरूप्रति कडा प्रतिक्रिया दिन्छन्।
8. assiduous (adj.) – diligent; hard-working
Example: The assiduous people of Hong Kong enjoy high per capita incomes.
Synonyms: industrious, persevering, sedulous
Antonyms: lazy, negligent
Nepali Meaning: परिश्रमी; लगनशील
Nepali Example: हङकङका परिश्रमी मानिसहरूले उच्च प्रतिव्यक्ति आम्दानी उठाउँछन्।
9. assuage (v.) – to make less severe
Example: Lincoln wrote to assuage the anguish of Mrs. Bixby’s bereavement.
Synonyms: alleviate, mitigate, soothe
Antonyms: aggravate, intensify
Nepali Meaning: कम गर्नु; शान्त पार्नु
Nepali Example: लिंकनले श्रीमती बिक्सबीको शोकको पीडा कम गर्न पत्र लेखेका थिए।
10. astringent (adj.) – harsh; severe
Example: Bob uses an astringent aftershave to stop bleeding from shaving nicks.
Synonyms: stern, sharp, stringent
Antonyms: mild, gentle
Nepali Meaning: कडा; तीखो
Nepali Example: बबले दाढी बनाउँदा लाग्ने घाउबाट रगत बग्न रोक्न कडा एफ्टरशेभ प्रयोग गर्छ।