Unit 6
1. appellation (n.) – name
Example: The discovery of the bones of a person with the appellation Kennewick Man in Washington in 1996 raised questions about America’s earliest inhabitants.
Synonyms: designation, title, moniker
Antonyms: anonymity, namelessness
Nepali Meaning: नाम
Nepali Example: १९९६ मा वाशिंगटनमा केनेविक म्यान नामक व्यक्तिको हड्डीको खोजले अमेरिकाका प्रारम्भिक बासिन्दाहरूको बारेमा प्रश्न उठायो।
2. apposite (adj.) – strikingly appropriate and relevant
Example: The writer searched dictionaries before finding the perfectly apposite word.
Synonyms: apt, fitting, pertinent
Antonyms: irrelevant, inappropriate
Nepali Meaning: उपयुक्त
Nepali Example: लेखकले शब्दकोशहरू खोजेर उपयुक्त शब्द फेला पार्नुभयो।
3. apprise (v.) – to inform
Example: Nadine Cohodas’s biography keeps the reader apprised of the racism black Americans endured.
Synonyms: notify, acquaint, brief
Antonyms: conceal, mislead
Nepali Meaning: जानकारी दिनु
Nepali Example: नादिन कोहोडासको जीवनीले पाठकलाई अमेरिकी कालाहरूले भोग्नुपरेको जातिवादको बारेमा जानकारी दिन्छ।
4. approbation (n.) – praise; approval
Example: The Congressional Medal of Honor is the highest approbation for an American soldier.
Synonyms: commendation, endorsement, acclaim
Antonyms: disapproval, censure
Nepali Meaning: प्रशंसा
Nepali Example: कंग्रेसनल मेडल अफ अनर अमेरिकी सैनिकले पाउने सर्वोच्च प्रशंसा हो।
5. appropriate (v.) – to take possession for one’s own use; confiscate
Example: The invading army appropriated supplies from local houses.
Synonyms: seize, commandeer, expropriate
Antonyms: return, relinquish
Nepali Meaning: अधिग्रहण गर्नु
Nepali Example: आक्रमणकारी सेनाले स्थानीय घरहरूबाट आपूर्ति अधिग्रहण गर्यो।
6. apropos (adj.) – relevant
Example: Apropos of nothing, the speaker declared life’s purpose is to love.
Synonyms: pertinent, applicable, germane
Antonyms: irrelevant, unrelated
Nepali Meaning: प्रासंगिक
Nepali Example: अप्रासंगिक रूपमा, वक्ताले जीवनको उद्देश्य प्रेम गर्नु हो भने।
7. arabesque (n.) – ornate design with intertwined curves; a ballet position
Example: The ballerina stunned the audience with her perfect arabesque.
Synonyms: flourish, ornamentation; ballet pose
Antonyms: plainness, simplicity
Nepali Meaning: अलंकृत डिजाइन; ब्याले मुद्रा
Nepali Example: ब्यालेरीनाले आफ्नो उत्कृष्ट अराबेस्कले दर्शकहरूलाई मन्त्रमुग्ध बनाइन्।
8. archeology (n.) – the study of material evidence of past human life
Example: Carbon-14 dating is useful in archeology for determining specimen age.
Synonyms: excavation, antiquarianism
Antonyms: futurism (contextual opposite)
Nepali Meaning: पुरातत्त्व
Nepali Example: कार्बन-१४ डेटिंगले पुरातत्त्वमा ३५,००० वर्ष पुराना नमूनाहरूको उमेर निर्धारण गर्न मद्दत गर्छ।
9. ardor (n.) – great emotion or passion
Example: Wallace Stevens said scholars are driven by the ardor for the unknown.
Synonyms: fervor, zeal, enthusiasm
Antonyms: apathy, indifference
Nepali Meaning: उत्साह
Nepali Example: वालेस स्टिभन्सले भनेका थिए कि विद्वानहरू अज्ञातको प्रति उत्साहले प्रेरित हुन्छन्।
10. arduous (adj.) – extremely difficult; laborious
Example: Writing a research paper is arduous but manageable when broken into steps.
Synonyms: strenuous, grueling, taxing
Antonyms: easy, effortless
Nepali Meaning: कठिन
Nepali Example: अनुसन्धान पत्र लेख्नु कठिन छ, तर यसलाई चरणबद्ध तरिकाले गर्दा सजिलो हुन्छ।