Unit 1
1. abate (v.) – to decrease; reduce
Example: NASA announced that it would delay the launch until the radiation from the solar flares abated.
Synonyms: lessen, diminish, subside
Antonyms: increase, intensify, escalate
Nepali Meaning: घट्नु, कम हुनु
Nepali Example: सूर्यको विकिरण घट्दै जाँदा नासाले मानवयुक्त अन्तरिक्ष यानको प्रक्षेपण स्थगित गर्ने घोषणा गर्यो।
2. abdicate (v.) – to give up a position, right, or power
Example: The emperor was forced to abdicate the throne in 476 A.D.
Synonyms: resign, renounce, relinquish
Antonyms: retain, claim, maintain
Nepali Meaning: त्याग गर्नु, पद छोड्नु
Nepali Example: सम्राटले ४७६ ईस्वीमा सिंहासन त्याग्न बाध्य भए।
3. aberrant (adj.) – deviating from what is normal
Example: His aberrant behavior worried his friends.
Synonyms: abnormal, atypical, unusual
Antonyms: normal, typical, standard
Nepali Meaning: असामान्य, विचलित
Nepali Example: उनको असामान्य व्यवहारले उनका साथीहरूलाई चिन्तित बनायो।
4. abeyance (n.) – temporary suppression or suspension
Example: The project was held in abeyance due to lack of funds.
Synonyms: suspension, postponement, dormancy
Antonyms: continuation, resumption, activity
Nepali Meaning: अस्थायी रोक, विराम
Nepali Example: परियोजना निधिको अभावमा अस्थायी रूपमा रोकिएको थियो।
5. abject (adj.) – miserable; pitiful
Example: The novel portrays the abject poverty of the Great Depression.
Synonyms: wretched, hopeless, pathetic
Antonyms: hopeful, dignified, proud
Nepali Meaning: दयनीय, अत्यन्त गरीब
Nepali Example: उपन्यासले महामन्दीको दयनीय गरिबी चित्रण गर्छ।
6. abjure (v.) – to reject; abandon formally
Example: New citizens must abjure allegiance to other countries.
Synonyms: renounce, repudiate, forswear
Antonyms: embrace, accept, uphold
Nepali Meaning: त्याग गर्नु, अस्वीकार गर्नु
Nepali Example: नयाँ नागरिकले अन्य देशहरूप्रतिको निष्ठा त्याग्नु पर्छ।
7. abscission (n.) – the act of cutting; natural separation of a leaf
Example: Premature leaf abscission can be a plant’s defense mechanism.
Synonyms: cutting, removal, detachment
Antonyms: attachment, connection, union
Nepali Meaning: काट्ने क्रिया, पात झर्ने प्रक्रिया
Nepali Example: अकाल्मा पात झर्ने क्रिया बिरुवाको रक्षा तन्त्र हुन सक्छ।
8. abscond (v.) – to depart secretly
Example: The thief absconded with three million dollars.
Synonyms: flee, escape, bolt
Antonyms: remain, stay, surrender
Nepali Meaning: भाग्नु, छिप्नु
Nepali Example: चोरले तीन मिलियन डलर लिएर भाग्यो।
9. abstemious (adj.) – moderate in appetite
Example: His abstemious lifestyle contributed to his longevity.
Synonyms: temperate, restrained, self-disciplined
Antonyms: indulgent, gluttonous, excessive
Nepali Meaning: संयमी, मिताहारी
Nepali Example: उनको संयमी जीवनशैलीले उनको दीर्घायुमा योगदान गर्यो।
10. abstinence (n.) – the giving up of certain pleasures
Example: The monk practiced abstinence from intoxicating substances.
Synonyms: restraint, self-denial, temperance
Antonyms: indulgence, excess, gratification
Nepali Meaning: संयम, त्याग
Nepali Example: साधुले नशिला पदार्थबाट संयम राख्थे।